下载地址MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server
自己使用远程传输工具上传
可以将包传至家目录，也可以直接wget
创建用户组目录
mkdir -p /mysql/app
[root@Rockymysql ~]# cd /mysql/app/
[root@Rockymysql app]# mv ~/mysql-8.4.10-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz .
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql-r 选项表示创建一个系统用户
mkdir -p /mysql/data/3306/data
mkdir -p /mysql/log/3306/binlog
mkdir -p /mysql/log/3306/relaylog
mkdir -p /mysql/backup/backup-db
mkdir -p /mysql/backup/backup-tmp
mkdir -p /mysql/backup/backup-binlog
chown -R mysql.mysql /mysql
解压并创建软链接
[root@Rockymysql app]# tar -xf mysql-8.4.10-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
[root@Rockymysql app]# ln -s mysql-8.4.10-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64 mysql
设置环境变量
[root@Rockymysql app]# vim ~/.bash_profile
[root@Rockymysql app]# cat ~/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:/mysql/app/mysql/bin:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export LANG=en_US
[root@Rockymysql app]# source ~/.bash_profile
[root@Rockymysql app]# which mysqld
/mysql/app/mysql/bin/mysqld
配置参数文件
[root@Rockymysql app]# cd /mysql/data/3306/
[root@Rockymysql 3306]# vim my.cnf
[root@Rockymysql 3306]# cat my.cnf
[client]
port=3306
socket = /mysql/data/3306/mysql.sock
[mysql]
no-beep
prompt="\u@mysqldb \R:\m:\s [\d]> "
#no-auto-rehash
auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
########basic settings########
server-id=3306
port=3306
user = mysql
bind_address= 192.168.57.136 修改自己ip
basedir=/mysql/app/mysql
datadir=/mysql/data/3306/data
socket = /mysql/data/3306/mysql.sock
pid-file = /mysql/data/3306/mysql.pid
character-set-server=utf8
autocommit = 0
#skip_name_resolve = 1
max_connections = 800
max_connect_errors = 1000
default-storage-engine=INNODB
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
sort_buffer_size = 32M
join_buffer_size = 128M
tmp_table_size = 72M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
#sql_mode = "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER"
interactive_timeout = 1800
wait_timeout = 1800
read_buffer_size = 16M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 32M
#query_cache_type = 1
#query_cache_size=1M
table_open_cache=2000
thread_cache_size=768
myisam_max_sort_file_size=10G
myisam_sort_buffer_size=135M
key_buffer_size=32M
read_buffer_size=8M
read_rnd_buffer_size=4M
back_log=1024
#flush_time=0
open_files_limit=65536
table_definition_cache=1400
#binlog_row_event_max_size=8K
#sync_master_info=10000
#sync_relay_log=10000
#sync_relay_log_info=10000
########log settings########
log-output=FILE
general_log = 0
general_log_file=/mysql/log/3306/general.err
slow_query_log = ON
slow_query_log_file=/mysql/log/3306/query.err
long_query_time=10
log-error=/mysql/log/3306/error.err
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1
log_slow_admin_statements = 1
log_slow_slave_statements = 1
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10
#expire_logs_days = 90
#binlog_expire_logs_seconds=2592000
binlog_expire_logs_seconds=604800
min_examined_row_limit = 100
log_bin=/mysql/log/3306/binlog/binlog
log_bin_index=/mysql/log/3306/binlog/binlog.index
binlog_format='ROW'
binlog_rows_query_log_events=on
########replication settings########
#master_info_repository = TABLE
#relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
#log_bin = bin.log
#sync_binlog = 1
#gtid_mode = on
#enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
#log_slave_updates
#binlog_format = row
#relay_log = relay.log
#relay_log_recovery = 1
#binlog_gtid_simple_recovery = 1
#slave_skip_errors = ddl_exist_errors
########innodb settings########
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 500M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 2000
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 5
#innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_log_file_size = 200M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
#innodb_undo_logs = 128
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3
innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2G
innodb_flush_neighbors = 1
innodb_purge_threads = 4
#innodb_large_prefix = 1
innodb_thread_concurrency = 64
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_strict_mode = 1
innodb_sort_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
innodb_autoextend_increment=64
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
innodb_open_files=65536
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:200M;ibdata2:200M;ibdata3:200M:autoextend:max:5G
innodb_temp_data_file_path = ibtmp1:200M:autoextend:max:20G
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40
innodb_page_cleaners = 4
innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128
binlog_gtid_simple_recovery=1
log_timestamps=system
初始化数据库
[root@Rockymysql 3306]# /mysql/app/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/mysql/data/3306/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/mysql/app/mysql --datadir=/mysql/data/3306/data
过滤出默认密码
[root@Rockymysql 3306]# grep 'temporary password' /mysql/log/3306/error.err
2026-06-12T10:41:42.498764+08:00 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: PtxPBEjLk9&p
如果初始化报错，提前把error.err文件touch出来并授权，清空data目录内容，重新初始化
修改密码
临时用命令启动数据库
[root@Rockymysql 3306]# /mysql/app/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/data/3306/my.cnf --datadir=/mysql/data/3306/data --pid-file=/mysql/data/3306/mysql.pid &
登录
[root@Rockymysql 3306]# mysql -uroot -p -S /mysql/data/3306/mysql.sock
Enter password:
当然，这里注意登录的时候，用了-S来手工指定sock文件路径，如果不想手工指定，可以手工创建一个软链接，这样就可以用临时密码直接登录。因为mysql默认会去/tmp下找这个文件。
[root@Rockymysql 3306]# ln -s /mysql/data/3306/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
[root@Rockymysql 3306]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'Redhat'; 修改密码
配置启动服务
采用官方提供的脚本
[root@Rockymysql 3306]# cd /mysql/app/mysql/support-files/
[root@Rockymysql support-files]# ls
mysqld_multi.server mysql-log-rotate mysql.server
[root@Rockymysql support-files]# cp mysql.server mysql
46 basedir=/mysql/app/mysql
47 datadir=/mysql/data/3306/data
63 mysqld_pid_file_path=/mysql/data/3306/mysql.pid
65 then
66 basedir=/mysql/app/mysql
67 bindir=/mysql/app/mysql/bin
69 then
70 datadir=/mysql/data/3306/data
71 fi
72 sbindir=/mysql/app/mysql/bin
73 libexecdir=/mysql/app/mysql/bin
105 PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/mysql/app/mysql/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin"
207 conf=/mysql/data/3306/my.cnf
233 extra_args=""
234 if test -r "/mysql/data/3306/my.cnf"
235 then
236 extra_args="-e/mysql/data/3306/my.cnf"
237 fi
266 $bindir/mysqld_safe--defaults-file=/mysql/data/3306/my.cnf--datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null &
[root@Rockymysql support-files]# ./mysql status
SUCCESS! MySQL running (30380)
[root@Rockymysql support-files]# ./mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL..2026-06-12T03:20:16.608363Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /mysql/data/3306/mysql.pid ended
SUCCESS!
[root@Rockymysql support-files]# ./mysql start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
测试一遍
systemd方式配置启动服务
[root@Rockymysql support-files]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@Rockymysql system]# vim mysqld.service
[root@Rockymysql system]# cat mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
PIDFile=/mysql/data/3306/mysql.pid
TimeoutSec=0
# Execute pre and post scripts as root
PermissionsStartOnly=true
# Start main service
ExecStart=/mysql/app/mysql/support-files/mysql start
# Use this to switch malloc implementation
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
# Sets open_files_limit
LimitNOFILE = 65536
LimitNPROC = 65536
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp=false
[root@Rockymysql system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@Rockymysql system]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@Rockymysql system]# systemctl enable mysqld
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