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WPF实现Modbus TCP通信客户端

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张小明

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WPF实现Modbus TCP通信客户端

一、概述：

使用：WPF、+ MVVM
Prism.DryIoc、system.IO.Ports、NMmodbus4

二、架构：

  • Views

    • MainWindow.xaml

  • Models

    • ModbusClient

  • ViewModels

    • MainWindowViewModel

  • Services

    • Interface

      • IModbusService

    • ModbusService

三、ModbusClient

public class ModbusClient { public ushort Address { get; set; } public ushort Value { get; set; } public string DisplayText => $"Addr {Address}: {Value}"; }

四、IModbusService

public interface IModbusService { Task<bool> ConnectAsync(string ipAddress, int port); Task<ushort[]> ReadHoldingRegistersAsync(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfPoints); Task<bool> WriteSingleRegisterAsync(ushort address, ushort value); void Disconnect(); bool IsConnected { get; } }

五、ModbusService

public class ModbusService : IModbusService { private TcpClient? _tcpClient; private ModbusIpMaster? _master; public bool IsConnected => _tcpClient?.Connected == true && _master != null; public async Task<bool> ConnectAsync(string ipAddress, int port) { try { _tcpClient = new TcpClient(); await _tcpClient.ConnectAsync(ipAddress, port); if (!_tcpClient.Connected) return false; _master = ModbusIpMaster.CreateIp(_tcpClient); return true; } catch { Disconnect(); return false; } } public async Task<ushort[]> ReadHoldingRegistersAsync(ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfPoints) { if (!IsConnected || _master == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Not connected to Modbus server."); return await Task.Run(() => _master.ReadHoldingRegisters(0, startAddress, numberOfPoints)); } public async Task<bool> WriteSingleRegisterAsync(ushort address, ushort value) { if (!IsConnected || _master == null) return false; await Task.Run(() => _master.WriteSingleRegister(0, address, value)); return true; } public void Disconnect() { _master?.Dispose(); _tcpClient?.Close(); _tcpClient?.Dispose(); _master = null; _tcpClient = null; } }

六、MainWindowViewModel

public class MainWindowViewModel : BindableBase { private readonly IModbusService _modbusService; private string _ipAddress = "127.0.0.1"; private int _port = 502; private ushort _startAddress = 0; private ushort _count = 10; private string _status = "Disconnected"; private ObservableCollection<ModbusClient> _modbusClient = new(); public string IpAddress { get => _ipAddress; set => SetProperty(ref _ipAddress, value); } public int Port { get => _port; set => SetProperty(ref _port, value); } public ushort StartAddress { get => _startAddress; set => SetProperty(ref _startAddress, value); } public ushort Count { get => _count; set => SetProperty(ref _count, value); } public string Status { get => _status; set => SetProperty(ref _status, value); } public ObservableCollection<ModbusClient> modbusClient { get => _modbusClient; set => SetProperty(ref _modbusClient, value); } public DelegateCommand ConnectCommand { get; } public DelegateCommand DisconnectCommand { get; } public DelegateCommand ReadRegistersCommand { get; } public MainWindowViewModel(IModbusService modbusService) { _modbusService = modbusService; ConnectCommand = new DelegateCommand(Connect); DisconnectCommand = new DelegateCommand(Disconnect); ReadRegistersCommand = new DelegateCommand(ReadRegisters); } private async void Connect() { var success = await _modbusService.ConnectAsync(IpAddress, Port); Status = success ? "Connected" : "Connection failed"; } private void Disconnect() { _modbusService.Disconnect(); Status = "Disconnected"; } private async void ReadRegisters() { try { var data = await _modbusService.ReadHoldingRegistersAsync(StartAddress, Count); modbusClient.Clear(); for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++) { modbusClient.Add(new ModbusClient { Address = (ushort)(StartAddress + i), Value = data[i], }); } } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show($"Error reading registers: {ex.Message}"); } } }

七、MainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="ModbusDemo.Views.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:ModbusDemo" mc:Ignorable="d" Title="Modbus TCP Client" Height="450" Width="800"> <Grid Margin="10"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/> <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <!-- Connection Panel --> <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="0,0,0,10"> <TextBox Text="{Binding IpAddress}" Width="120" Margin="0,0,5,0"/> <TextBox Text="{Binding Port}" Width="60" Margin="0,0,10,0"/> <Button Content="Connect" Command="{Binding ConnectCommand}" Width="80" Margin="0,0,5,0"/> <Button Content="Disconnect" Command="{Binding DisconnectCommand}" Width="80"/> </StackPanel> <!-- Status --> <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Text="{Binding Status}" Margin="0,0,0,10"/> <!-- Read Panel --> <StackPanel Grid.Row="2" Orientation="Horizontal" VerticalAlignment="Top"> <TextBox Text="{Binding StartAddress}" Width="60" Margin="0,0,5,0"/> <TextBox Text="{Binding Count}" Width="50" Margin="0,0,10,0"/> <Button Content="Read Holding Registers" Command="{Binding ReadRegistersCommand}"/> </StackPanel> <!-- Register List --> <ListBox Grid.Row="2" Margin="0,40,0,0" ItemsSource="{Binding modbusClient}" > <ListBox.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Address, StringFormat='Addr {0}: '}" FontWeight="Bold"/> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Value}"/> <TextBlock Text="{Binding DisplayText}" Margin="30 0"/> </StackPanel> </DataTemplate> </ListBox.ItemTemplate> </ListBox> </Grid> </Window>

八、MainWindow.xaml.cs

namespace ModbusDemo.Views { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); } } }

九、App.xaml

<prism:PrismApplication x:Class="ModbusDemo.App" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:ModbusDemo" xmlns:prism="http://prismlibrary.com/"> <Application.Resources> </Application.Resources> </prism:PrismApplication>

十、App.xaml.cs

using ModbusDemo.Services.Interface; using ModbusDemo.Services; using ModbusDemo.Views; using System.Windows; using ModbusDemo.ViewModels; namespace ModbusDemo { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for App.xaml /// </summary> public partial class App : PrismApplication { protected override Window CreateShell() { return Container.Resolve<MainWindow>(); } protected override void RegisterTypes(IContainerRegistry containerRegistry) { containerRegistry.RegisterSingleton<IModbusService, ModbusService>(); containerRegistry.RegisterForNavigation<MainWindow, MainWindowViewModel>(); } } }
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