Hyperf方案 服务熔断器（Circuit Breaker）

Hyperf 官方内置 hyperf/circuit-breaker，基于注解驱动，零配置开箱即用。 --- 安装composerrequire hyperf/circuit-breaker ---1. 基础熔断（注解方式）<?php namespace App\Service;use Hyperf\CircuitBreaker\Annotation\CircuitBreaker;class PaymentService{#[CircuitBreaker(fallback:[self::class,'payFallback'], exceptions:[\Throwable::class], attemptThreshold:3, // 连续失败3次开启熔断 recoveryTimeout:10, //10秒后尝试半开)]publicfunctionpay(int$orderId, float$amount): array{// 调用第三方支付return$this->httpClient->post('/pay', compact('orderId','amount'));}publicfunctionpayFallback(int$orderId, float$amount): array{return['status'=>'pending','message'=>'Payment service unavailable'];}}---2. 多服务熔断<?php namespace App\Service;use Hyperf\CircuitBreaker\Annotation\CircuitBreaker;class ExternalService{// 库存服务 - 快速失败#[CircuitBreaker(fallback:[self::class,'inventoryFallback'], attemptThreshold:5, recoveryTimeout:30,)]publicfunctioncheckInventory(int$productId): array{return$this->inventoryClient->check($productId);}// 推荐服务 - 降级返回空#[CircuitBreaker(fallback:[self::class,'recommendFallback'], attemptThreshold:3, recoveryTimeout:60,)]publicfunctiongetRecommendations(int$userId): array{return$this->recommendClient->get($userId);}publicfunctioninventoryFallback(int$productId): array{return['available'=>false,'fallback'=>true];}publicfunctionrecommendFallback(int$userId): array{return[];// 推荐服务降级返回空列表}}---3. 手动控制熔断状态<?php namespace App\Service;use Hyperf\CircuitBreaker\CircuitBreakerFactory;use Hyperf\CircuitBreaker\State;class CircuitBreakerManager{publicfunction__construct(private CircuitBreakerFactory$factory){}publicfunctionstatus(string$service): array{$breaker=$this->factory->get($service);return['service'=>$service,'state'=>match(true){$breaker->isOpen()=>'open', // 熔断中$breaker->isHalfOpen()=>'half-open',// 探测中 default=>'closed', // 正常},'failures'=>$breaker->getFailCounter(),];}// 手动重置（运维用） publicfunctionreset(string$service): void{$this->factory->get($service)->close();}}---4. 熔断状态监控接口<?php namespace App\Controller;use Hyperf\HttpServer\Annotation\Controller;use Hyperf\HttpServer\Annotation\GetMapping;use Hyperf\HttpServer\Annotation\PostMapping;#[Controller(prefix: '/api/circuit-breaker')]class CircuitBreakerController{publicfunction__construct(private CircuitBreakerManager$manager){}#[GetMapping(path: '{service}/status')]publicfunctionstatus(string$service): array{return$this->manager->status($service);}#[PostMapping(path: '{service}/reset')]publicfunctionreset(string$service): array{$this->manager->reset($service);return['reset'=>true];}}---5. 结合 RPC 客户端<?php namespace App\JsonRpc;use Contract\Order\OrderServiceInterface;use Hyperf\CircuitBreaker\Annotation\CircuitBreaker;class OrderServiceConsumer implements OrderServiceInterface{publicfunction__construct(private OrderServiceInterface$client){}#[CircuitBreaker(fallback:[self::class,'fallback'], attemptThreshold:3, recoveryTimeout:10,)]publicfunctioncreate(int$userId, array$items): array{return$this->client->create($userId,$items);}#[CircuitBreaker(fallback:[self::class,'fallback'], attemptThreshold:3, recoveryTimeout:10,)]publicfunctionfind(int$orderId): array{return$this->client->find($orderId);}publicfunctionfallback(mixed...$args): array{return['error'=>'Order service unavailable','retry_after'=>10];}}--- 熔断状态机 正常请求 ↓[CLOSED]──连续失败 N 次──→[OPEN]──等待 T 秒──→[HALF-OPEN]↑ │ └──────────────── 探测成功 ─────────────────────────┘ │ 探测失败 →[OPEN]--- 核心要点： - attemptThreshold:3+ recoveryTimeout:10是生产推荐起点 - fallback 方法签名必须与原方法一致 - 推荐/非核心服务降级返回空，核心服务返回 pending 状态排队重试 - 手动 reset 接口给运维用，服务恢复后快速闭合熔断器