springboot集成h2内存数据库运行测试用例
首先引入我们的依赖
引入h2的依赖和spring的依赖
dependencies{implementation'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-h2console'implementation'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc'// 引入h2内存数据库runtimeOnly'com.h2database:h2'testImplementation'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc-test'testRuntimeOnly'org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher'testImplementationplatform('org.junit:junit-bom:5.13.4')testImplementation'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter'}完整的配置
build.gradle
plugins{id'java'id'groovy'id'org.springframework.boot'version'4.0.0'id'io.spring.dependency-management'version'1.1.7'}group='local'version='0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'description=''java{toolchain{languageVersion=JavaLanguageVersion.of(25)}}sourceSets{main{groovy{srcDirs=['src/main/groovy','src/main/java']}}test{groovy{srcDirs=['src/test/groovy','src/test/java']}}}repositories{mavenCentral()}dependencies{implementation'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-h2console'implementation'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc'// jetty替换tomcatimplementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jetty")implementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-webmvc')implementation'org.apache.groovy:groovy'// 引入h2内存数据库runtimeOnly'com.h2database:h2'testImplementation'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc-test'testImplementation'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-webmvc-test'testRuntimeOnly'org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher'testImplementationplatform('org.junit:junit-bom:5.13.4')testImplementation'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter'}configurations{implementation{// 全局排除Tomcat依赖，确保使用Jettyexclude group:'org.springframework.boot',module:'spring-boot-starter-tomcat'}}tasks.withType(GroovyCompile).configureEach{// 启用groovy的增量编译,和注解处理器冲突!options.incremental=trueoptions.incrementalAfterFailure=true}tasks.withType(JavaCompile).configureEach{// 指定java版本options.release=25}tasks.named('jar'){// 设置重复文件处理策略duplicatesStrategy=DuplicatesStrategy.EXCLUDE}tasks.named('bootJar'){// 设置重复文件处理策略duplicatesStrategy=DuplicatesStrategy.EXCLUDE}tasks.named('test'){useJUnitPlatform()jvmArgs+='-XX:+EnableDynamicAgentLoading'jvmArgs+='-XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders'// 测试输出配置testLogging{events"passed","skipped","failed","standardOut","standardError"// 显示System.out和System.err的输出showStandardStreams=trueshowCauses=trueshowExceptions=trueshowStackTraces=trueexceptionFormat='full'}// 在控制台实时显示输出outputs.upToDateWhen{false}}settings.gradle
rootProject.name='my_sb4'enableFeaturePreview('GROOVY_COMPILATION_AVOIDANCE')然后在spring的配置文件中配置数据库连接
注意要添加这些参数
- DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1 : 避免没有连接时内存数据库关闭导致数据丢失
- MODE=MySQL : 使用mysql模式
- DATABASE_TO_LOWER=TRUE 和 CASE_INSENSITIVE_IDENTIFIERS=FALSE : 兼容mysql默认的忽略大小写模式
- LOCK_TIMEOUT=30 : 设置锁超时时间,避免一直死锁(单位秒)
内存数据库配置如下
application-test.yml
# application-test.ymlspring:datasource:# 内存数据库连接配置,注意参数url:jdbc:h2:mem:testdb;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;MODE=MySQL;DATABASE_TO_LOWER=TRUE;CASE_INSENSITIVE_IDENTIFIERS=FALSE;LOCK_TIMEOUT=30driver-class-name:org.h2.Driverusername:sapassword:""h2:console:# 开启h2控制台;通过 localhost:8080/h2-console 访问enabled:truepath:/h2-consolesql:init:# 初始化数据库方式,在运行测试用例时设置为alwaysmode:always# 初始化数据库脚本位置schema-locations:classpath:db/schema.sqldata-locations:classpath:db/data.sqlcontinue-on-error:false通用配置如下
application.yml
spring:application:name:my_sb4server:port:8080servlet:context-path:/# 配置日志logging:level:org.springframework.boot:INFOorg.eclipse.jetty:WARNorg.springframework.jdbc:DEBUGpattern:console:"%d{yy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.S} %highlight(%-5p) %c{1}:%L - %m%n"然后创建我们的初始化脚本
schema.sql
CREATETABLEIFNOTEXISTST_USERS(IDBIGINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY,USERNAMEVARCHAR(255)NULL);data.sql
INSERTINTOT_USERS(USERNAME)VALUES('张三');INSERTINTOT_USERS(USERNAME)VALUES('李四');INSERTINTOT_USERS(USERNAME)VALUES('王五');现在编写我们的测试用例
我们希望在测试用例中查询数据,就可以整样
packagelocal.my_sb4importorg.junit.jupiter.api.Testimportorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowiredimportorg.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestimportorg.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplateimportorg.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfilesimporttools.jackson.databind.json.JsonMapper@SpringBootTest@ActiveProfiles("test")classMySb4ApplicationTest{@AutowiredprivateJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate@AutowiredJsonMapper jsonMapper@TestvoidtestContextLoads(){println jsonMapper.writeValueAsString(jdbcTemplate.queryForList('''select * from t_Users '''))// 我们自己的表默认都在public下,通常不需要改变他们println jsonMapper.writeValueAsString(jdbcTemplate.queryForList('''select * from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES where table_schema!='information_schema' '''))}}运行我们的用例将正常输出日志
25-12-16 17:26:30.4 DEBUG o.s.j.c.JdbcTemplate:470 - Executing SQL query [select * from t_Users ] 25-12-16 17:26:30.4 DEBUG o.s.j.d.DataSourceUtils:117 - Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource [{"id":1,"username":"张三"},{"id":2,"username":"李四"},{"id":3,"username":"王五"}] 25-12-16 17:26:30.5 DEBUG o.s.j.c.JdbcTemplate:470 - Executing SQL query [select * from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES where table_schema!='information_schema' ] 25-12-16 17:26:30.5 DEBUG o.s.j.d.DataSourceUtils:117 - Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource [{"table_catalog":"testdb","table_schema":"public","table_name":"t_users","table_type":"BASE TABLE","is_insertable_into":"YES","commit_action":null,"storage_type":"MEMORY","remarks":null,"last_modification":30,"table_class":"org.h2.mvstore.db.MVTable","row_count_estimate":3}])
